A heart attack is when blood vessels that supply blood to the heart become blocked, preventing enough oxygen from the heart.
The heart muscle dies or is permanently damaged. Doctors call this a myocardial infarction.
Heart attacks occur most often as a result of coronary heart disease (CHD), also called coronary artery disease. CHD is a condition in which a waxy substance called plaque (plak) builds up inside the coronary arteries.
These arteries supply oxygen rich blood to the heart.
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When plaque builds up in arteries, the condition is called atherosclerosis (ATH-er-o-skler-O-sis). The buildup of plaque occurs over many years.
Over time, an area of plaque can rupture (break open) into an artery. This causes a blood clot formed on the surface of the plate is.
If the clot becomes large enough, it can mostly or completely the flow of blood through a coronary artery.
A heart attack (also known as myocardial infarction) is the death of heart muscle from the sudden blockage of a coronary artery by a blood clot. Coronary arteries are blood vessels that supply the heart muscle with blood and oxygen.
The blockage of a coronary artery deprives the heart muscle of blood and oxygen, causing injury to the heart muscle.
Injury to the heart muscle causes chest pain and pressure sensation in the chest. If blood flow is not restored to the heart muscle within 20 to 40 minutes, irreversible death of heart muscle will begin to occur.
Heart attack is known as myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in scientific language and refers to the interruption of blood supply to part of those leading to the death of heart cells .
The common cause of heart attack is an occlusion or blockage of a coronary artery.
Cholesterol accumulates over time in blood vessels and form plaque. This plaque narrows the arteries and causes a blockage of blood flow through it. If this artery becomes very narrow,
the blood supply to the heart muscle becomes very difficult, especially in times of stress.
If the plaque ruptures, a clot of blood accumulates in the blood vessels leading to blockage of blood flow.
Causes of Heart Attacks
1. Inheritance: There is ample evidence to show that the incidence of heart disease are those whose direct ancestors as parents,
grandparents, mothers, brothers have suffered from similar disease. Coronary heart disease is mostly run in families. A strong family history of disease is important in diagnosis.
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2. Stress: Heart disease is often identified with certain personality patterns. Is the label of-illness or disease of the CEO, ie, affects people with certain personality. One study has shown that some had four times the most aggressive form of coronary artery disease among individuals.
3. Besides this other factors such as family responsibilities, interpersonal relationships, financial concerns, leisure interests, habits of eating, drinking and smoking, etc. may play a role that may affect the heart.
4. Smoking: It has been found by some workers that the death rate among people who had a heart attack was 50 to 150 percent greater in smokers than non-heavy smokers.
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